How Fingerprint Sensor Works?

Security has been more important in daily life. Peoples are aware of their privacy and want to increase security in their Smartphones. As they bring a convenient form of security that is much more convenient than a password (Pattern, PIN, Password). Next, you will get the know-how fingerprint sensor works?

How Fingerprint Sensor Works?

A fingerprint scanner is a type of electronic security system that uses fingerprints. Basically, it recognizes that your fingerprint belongs to you and no one else. Moreover, Fingerprint ridges are like hills and valleys, uses automated methods of recognizing a person based on unique physical characteristics (Arch, Loop, and Whorl) of a person’s fingerprint.

Fingerprint scanners are digital input devices that read a (human) fingerprint and output a 2D/3D image dataset.

Three types of Fingerprint readers are known:

Optical Fingerprint Scanner
Ultrasound Fingerprint Scanner
Capacitive Fingerprint Scanner

1. Optical Fingerprint Scanner

Fingerprint readers capture the unique features in your prints. The most common fingerprint reader will fall under optical scanners, which use lenses to reflect light onto complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensors which then convert light into electronic signals. Used in UIDAI, form filling, as in-display fingerprint scanners. Captures the 2D image of the fingerprint and stores the data on the device.

A tiny camera behind the display takes the image of your finger and then compares it to the stored image. And are comes only in AMOLED Screen Phones.

2. Ultrasound Fingerprint Scanner

Qualcomm announced its 3D ultrasonic in-display fingerprint sensor just touching the finger to the sensor like the top-of-the-line capacitive fingerprint scanners resulting in a highly detailed 3D reproduction of the scanned fingerprint. The hardware consists of both a transmitter and a receiver.

3. Capacitive Fingerprint Scanner

Other readers capture prints using capacitive sensors. In today’s world, capacitive fingerprint scanners are more common and found on phones. Similar to the capacitive touchscreen, it measures your finger by using human conductivity, creating an electrostatic field, and creating a digital image based on the electrostatic field.

Fingerprint ridges and valleys create different electric currents at different areas of the finger. Each fingerprint reader uses an electric current to create a picture of your print.

The sensor is made up of one or more semiconductor chips containing an array of tiny cells. Each cell includes two conductor plates, covered with an insulating layer.

It is widely used in Smartphones even low-budget phones. Capacitive fingerprint scanners generate an image of the ridges and valleys that make up a fingerprint.

How Fingerprint Sensor Works?